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Ngāti Mutunga
Ngāti Mutunga is a Māori iwi of New Zealand. Their original tribal lands (rohe) were in north Taranaki, but they were invaded by Waikato tribes during the Musket Wars after a series of longstanding intertribal wars stretching back to at least 1807.〔Tainui.L. Kelly.〕 They in turn joined with Ngati Toa and the smaller Ngati Tama tribe to invade the Wellington region. Here they fought with and defeated the Ngati Ira iwi, took over their land and extinguished their independent existence. The principal marae being at Urenui, and the Chatham Islands. This northern Taranaki land was under the mana of the Great Waikato chief Te Whero Whero until sold to the government.〔Tainui.L. Kelly.〕
==Invasion of the Chatham Islands==
Having left their Taranaki lands behind, the Ngati Mutunga lived an uneasy existence in the modern Wellington region where they were threatened by tensions between Ngati Toa and Ngati Raukawa. In Te Whanganui a Tara (Wellington) they felt less than secure. They burnt the bones of their ancestors and gifted their land to Te Atiawa and Ngati Tama.〔Historical Frictions. Maori Claims and Reinvented Histories. M. Belgrave. Auckland University Press.2005.P292.〕 In November 1835 about 900 people of the Ngati Mutunga and Ngai Tama tribes, invaded the Chatham Islands after kidnapping the mate and holding him to ransom effectively, hijacking the ship '' Lord Rodney''. They had originally planned to invade either Samoa or the Norfolk Islands but in a meeting at Wellington in 1835 decided to invade the Chatham Islands due to their proximity. On their arrival they attacked and slaughtered about 300 adults and an unknown number of children. Large numbers were eaten and women beaten and sexually assaulted. The Moriori who survived were enslaved. They were dragged in ropes to the potato fields and whipped to make them work. It is estimated that in all about 3,000 Moriori died directly or indirectly from the invasion. Despite the Chatham Islands being made part of New Zealand in 1842, Maori kept Moriori slaves until 1863. Moriori had forgone the killing of people in the centuries leading up to the arrival of the Maori, instead settling quarrels up to 'first blood'. This cultural practice is known as 'Nunuku's Law'. The development of this pragmatic dispute settlement process left Moriori wholly unprepared to deal with the Ngati Tama and Ngati Mutanga invaders who came from a significantly different and more aggressive culture.〔Moriori.Michael. King. Penguin .2000 P 60-65.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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